Test method to determine the softening point of bitumen based on astmd36. Pdf softening point and penetration index of bitumen from. The test is conducted by using ring and ball apparatus. Performance evaluation of hot mixture asphalt using concentrated rubber latex, rubber compound and synthetic polymer as modifier. The bitumen supplied by bitumina group is produced from vacuum residue short residue feedstock. Bitumen is a collection of frameworks to help build lightweight web applications in java and other jvm languages. The point at which the bitumen or the tar is softened is the accurate temperature substance achieves specific degree of softening. The softening point is a test usually called the ringandball test to determine the temperatures at which an asphalt binder achieves a specified degree of viscosity. The softening point is defined as the mean of the temperatures at which the bitumen disks soften and sag downwards a distance of 25 mm under the weight of a steel ball. Softening point is the temperature at which the bituminous binders have an equal viscosity i. They gradually become softer and less viscous as the temperature rises. Softening point test the softening point of bitumen is usually determined by ring and ball test. Take small amount of bitumen sample and heat it up to 75100 o c.
C at which an average ball permits through a specimen of bitumen in a mould and discharges through a stature of 2. Adoption of viscositygraded paving bitumen specification also reduced the number of total tests to seven, resulting in reduced cost of testing paving bitumen. The softening point sp and penetration index pi of bitumen from parts of southwestern nigeria are important properties needed for better design and optimization of the upgrading process of nigerian bitumen. Bitumen is viscous elastic material without sharply defined melting points. Conclusion to conclude, the final temperature of the softening point is 48. The ductility test is measure of cohesiveness and elasticity of the bitumen. It is a semi solid hydrocarbon product produced by removing the lighter fractions such as liquid petroleum gas, petrol and diesel from heavy crude oil during the refining process. Automatic ring and ball apparatus, bitumen testing.
The softening point is taken by two suitably positioned light barriers and the temperature is measured by a pt100 sensor placed in a central position. The effectiveness of maleation was assessed in bitumenrecycled low. Penetration grade bitumen supplied by bitumina group is petroleum grade bitumen, manufactured from fractional vacuum distillation of crude oil. Standard test method for softening point of bitumen ring andball apparatus1 this standard is issued under the. Penetration grade bitumens are specified by the penetration and softening point test.
Stirrer shall be manual or mechanical to ensure uniform heat distribution at all times throughout. Elasticity does not appear and fragility temperature slightly. The occurrence of bitumen deposits in nigeria has been estimated to be about 42 billion tones. Sep 25, 2018 the softening point of a bituminous material can be defined as the temperature at which this bituminous material further softens after its arbitrary softness point is reached.
Pdf softening point and penetration index of bitumen from parts of. Softening point and penetration index of bitumen from. Softening point of bitumen increases slightly especially given the sharp increase in viscosity. In the test, a steel ball is placed on a disc of binder that is slowly heated. Exp 12 softening point of bitumen civil engineers pk. D 3606 american association of state highway and transportation officials 444 north capitol street n.
The softening point of a bituminous material can be defined as the temperature at which this bituminous material further softens after its arbitrary softness point is reached. We are closely monitoring the changing situation with the covid19 virus outbreak. Softening point denotes the temperature at which the bitumen attains a particular degree of softening under the specified condition of test. The softening point of various bitumen grades used in paving jobs from 35 to 70 c 6 7. This european standard specifies a method for the determination of the softening point of bitumen and bituminous binders in the range of 28 c to 150 c. Ring and ball apparatus is used to conduct this test. Automatic ring and ball apparatus, bitumen testing equipment.
Ring and ball apparatus, steel balls brass rings ball guide support thermometer bath with stirrer scope softening point test of bitumen as per is. Conclusion to conclude the final temperature of the. This also eliminated empirical testsparameters such as, penetration ratio, paraffin wax content, and fraass breaking point without compromising the quality of bitumen. Softening point of bitumen ring andball apparatus aashto designation. Softening point is the temperature at which the substance attains a particular degree of softening. The basic tests as penetration and softening point are dedicated to evaluate and classify unmodified bitumen. Softening point and penetration index of bitumen from parts of southwestern nigeria article pdf available in nafta zagreb 63910 december 2017 with 2,319 reads how we measure reads.
Standard test method for softening point of bitumen ring. Explore aging of bitumen with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Brass ring device filled with molten bitumen and bitumen wait until cool. Bitumen softening point test using ringball apparatus. Technical warning the change from mercury thermometers to electronic temperature devices has revealed that the temperature definition in the mercury thermometer has not been precise enough. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
Determining softening point of bitumen civil engineering. Softening point and penetration index of bitumen from parts. Softening point is not a melting point, bituminous material do not melt but instead gradually change from semi solids to liquids on application to heating. With the increase in ageing time, the softening point of base bitumen increased dramatically below 500 hours while. In order to prevent this from happening, there are methods to improve the experiments result. Standard test method for softening point of bitumen ringand. To obtain the ductility value of bituminous sample. Various lab tests on bitumen for pavement construction. Bitumen is a dark coloured solid or viscous material consisting of high molecular weight hydrocarbons derived from distillation of petroleum, has adhesive properties, and is soluble in carbon disulphide. Softening point is the temperature at which tar in soft loop and pass the ball through the hoop.
Pdf the softening point sp and penetration index pi of bitumen from parts of southwestern nigeria are important. Also explore the seminar topics paper on aging of bitumen with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year civil engineering ce or ieee civil construction btech, be, mtech students for the year 2015 2016. By increasing cloisite15a content, penetration decreases from 63 to 45 and softening point increases from 54 to 61. During conducting the experiment, there are some errors that occurred which will affect the final result. Standards for bitumen bitumen emulsions astm d4 bitumen astm bitumen bitumen emulsion adhesion test for bitumen experment for bitumen and asphalt astm adhesion of bitumen specific gravity test of bitumen astm d36 test method for softening point of bitumen english language standards social studies standards next generation science standards. What is the use of doing a bitumen softening point test. In contrast, cloisite15a has a relatively higher impact on penetration and softening point of bitumen.
Astm d36 test method for softening point of bitumen. This study was carried out to design and fabricate a cost effective and efficient softening point tester to classify bitumen into grades. Before pav ageing, the softening points of the sbs modified bitumens were higher than that of base bitumen. Sbs content in polymer modified bitumen pmb asphalt is about 4. Automatically determine softening point of bitumen, tar, pitch, hot coatings and resins with isls. Aging of bitumen seminar report, ppt, pdf for civil engineering. Softening point article about softening point by the.
A brass ring containing test sample of bitumen is suspended in liquid like water or glycerin at a given temperature. Standards for bitumen bitumen emulsions astm d4 bitumen astm bitumen bitumen emulsion adhesion test for bitumen experment for bitumen and asphalt astm adhesion of bitumen specific gravity test of bitumen astm d36 test method for softening point of bitumen english language standards social studies standards next generation. The ring and ball method of test for softening point of bituminous. For determination of softening point of a given bitumen. Improving quality and durability of bitumen and asphalt. Aug 19, 20 the softening point is a test usually called the ringandball test to determine the temperatures at which an asphalt binder achieves a specified degree of viscosity. Softening point of bitumen, test method isfahan bitumen. This is the reason why the softening point of bitumen is determined. As of now, we are able to fulfill orders but we will keep you posted as the situation evolves. Softening point of bitumen indicates the point at which bitumen attains a particular degree of softening under specified conditions of the test. Softening point is indicative of the tendency of the material to flow at elevated temperature encountered in service. This advanced microprocessor controlled automatic tester is used to determine the softening point of bitumen using water or glycerol as heating fluid. Two grams of bitumen tested guarantee, does add ten milliliters suitable solvent to dissolve in the solvent of bitumen is repeated 8 cycles following after five seconds of the eighth pitch of all samples should be completely dissolved in a solvent. The softening point characterises the temperature at which a steel ball falls a known distance through the bitumen when the test assembly is heated at a known rate.
The principle behind this test is that softening point is the temperature at which the substance attains a particular degree of softening under specified condition of the test. This test is done to determine the softening point of asphaltic bitumen and fluxed native asphalt, road tar, coal tar pitch and blown type bitumen as per is. Bitumen penetration grade 4060 is a standard penetration grade bitumen usually used as a paving grade bitumen suitable for road construction and for the production of asphalt pavements with superior properties. Generally higher softening point indicates lower temperature susceptibility and is preferred in warm climates. May 12, 20 objective for determination of softening point of a given bitumen. First,bitumen test, bitumen softening point tester introduction the instrument is based on the prc standard gb t 4507 determination of softening point asphalt, peoples republic of industry standard jtg e202011 road asphalt and asphalt testing procedures in t 06062011 softening point test universal france, the requirements of the design. Technical warning the change from mercury thermometers to electronic temperature devices has revealed that the temperature definition in the mercury thermometer has not been precise enough to.
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