Various lab tests on bitumen for pavement construction. Determining softening point of bitumen civil engineering. Softening point is the temperature at which tar in soft loop and pass the ball through the hoop. Penetration grade bitumen supplied by bitumina group is petroleum grade bitumen, manufactured from fractional vacuum distillation of crude oil. In order to prevent this from happening, there are methods to improve the experiments result. Explore aging of bitumen with free download of seminar report and ppt in pdf and doc format. Aug 19, 20 the softening point is a test usually called the ringandball test to determine the temperatures at which an asphalt binder achieves a specified degree of viscosity. This test is done to determine the softening point of asphaltic bitumen and fluxed native asphalt, road tar, coal tar pitch and blown type bitumen as per is. The softening point of a bituminous material can be defined as the temperature at which this bituminous material further softens after its arbitrary softness point is reached. This advanced microprocessor controlled automatic tester is used to determine the softening point of bitumen using water or glycerol as heating fluid. The basic tests as penetration and softening point are dedicated to evaluate and classify unmodified bitumen.
Softening point of bitumen indicates the point at which bitumen attains a particular degree of softening under specified conditions of the test. Astm d36 test method for softening point of bitumen. In contrast, cloisite15a has a relatively higher impact on penetration and softening point of bitumen. Softening point test the softening point of bitumen is usually determined by ring and ball test. Technical warning the change from mercury thermometers to electronic temperature devices has revealed that the temperature definition in the mercury thermometer has not been precise enough. This grade of bitumen is mainly used in the manufacture of hot mix asphalt for bases and wearing courses. Pdf softening point and penetration index of bitumen. For proper planning of extraction techniques for heavy crude oil such as nigeria bitumen or oil sand, softening point is a paramount parameter need to be estimated for determining the. Pdf softening point and penetration index of bitumen from parts of. Before pav ageing, the softening points of the sbs modified bitumens were higher than that of base bitumen. D 3606 american association of state highway and transportation officials 444 north capitol street n.
Automatic ring and ball apparatus, bitumen testing. A brass ring containing test sample of bitumen is suspended in liquid like water or glycerin at a given temperature. The softening point is defined as the mean of the temperatures at which the bitumen disks soften and sag downwards a distance of 25 mm under the weight of a steel ball. Softening point denotes the temperature at which the bitumen attains a particular degree of softening under the specified condition of test. Bitumen softening point test using ringball apparatus. Conclusion to conclude the final temperature of the. Definition softening point is the temperature at which the substance attains a particular degree of softening under specified conditions of test. There are various methods that are helpful in determining the softening point of a bituminous material. Stirrer shall be manual or mechanical to ensure uniform heat distribution at all times throughout. By increasing cloisite15a content, penetration decreases from 63 to 45 and softening point increases from 54 to 61. Bitumen is a collection of frameworks to help build lightweight web applications in java and other jvm languages. Sep 20, 2017 softening point test the softening point of bitumen is usually determined by ring and ball test.
As of now, we are able to fulfill orders but we will keep you posted as the situation evolves. Softening point apparatus is available from humboldt as part of a complete line of asphalt test equipment. Softening point and penetration index of bitumen from parts of southwestern nigeria article pdf available in nafta zagreb 63910 december 2017 with 2,319 reads how we measure reads. Generally higher softening point indicates lower temperature susceptibility and is preferred in warm climates. Softening point is the temperature at which the substance attains a particular degree of softening.
This is the reason why the softening point of bitumen is determined. Standard test method for softening point of bitumen ring. Softening point article about softening point by the. The softening point sp and penetration index pi of bitumen from parts of southwestern nigeria are important properties needed for better design and optimization of the upgrading process of nigerian bitumen. Softening point of bitumen ring andball apparatus aashto designation. This study was carried out to design and fabricate a cost effective and efficient softening point tester to classify bitumen into grades. Aging of bitumen seminar report, ppt, pdf for civil engineering. The softening point characterises the temperature at which a steel ball falls a known distance through the bitumen when the test assembly is heated at a known rate.
Two grams of bitumen tested guarantee, does add ten milliliters suitable solvent to dissolve in the solvent of bitumen is repeated 8 cycles following after five seconds of the eighth pitch of all samples should be completely dissolved in a solvent. C at which an average ball permits through a specimen of bitumen in a mould and discharges through a stature of 2. Softening point is the temperature at which the bituminous binders have an equal viscosity i. The test is conducted by using ring and ball apparatus. The softening point of various bitumen grades used in paving jobs from 35 to 70 c 6 7. Standards for bitumen bitumen emulsions astm d4 bitumen astm bitumen bitumen emulsion adhesion test for bitumen experment for bitumen and asphalt astm adhesion of bitumen specific gravity test of bitumen astm d36 test method for softening point of bitumen english language standards social studies standards next generation. Standard test method for softening point of bitumen ringand. May 12, 20 objective for determination of softening point of a given bitumen. Test method to determine the softening point of bitumen based on astmd36.
Pdf softening point and penetration index of bitumen from. Technical warning the change from mercury thermometers to electronic temperature devices has revealed that the temperature definition in the mercury thermometer has not been precise enough to. Bitumen is a dark coloured solid or viscous material consisting of high molecular weight hydrocarbons derived from distillation of petroleum, has adhesive properties, and is soluble in carbon disulphide. The occurrence of bitumen deposits in nigeria has been estimated to be about 42 billion tones. Exp 12 softening point of bitumen civil engineers pk. First, bitumen test, bitumen softening point tester introduction the instrument is based on the prc standard gb t 4507 determination of softening point asphalt, peoples republic of industry standard jtg e202011 road asphalt and asphalt testing procedures in t 06062011 softening point test universal france, the requirements of the design. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. For determination of softening point of a given bitumen. The softening point is taken by two suitably positioned light barriers and the temperature is measured by a pt100 sensor placed in a central position. Softening point is not a melting point, bituminous material do not melt but instead gradually change from semi solids to liquids on application to heating. What is the use of doing a bitumen softening point test. Improving quality and durability of bitumen and asphalt.
Softening point is indicative of the tendency of the material to flow at elevated temperature encountered in service. The bitumen supplied by bitumina group is produced from vacuum residue short residue feedstock. Bitumen is viscous elastic material without sharply defined melting points. They gradually become softer and less viscous as the temperature rises. Softening point of bitumen increases slightly especially given the sharp increase in viscosity. Softening point and penetration index of bitumen from parts. The point at which the bitumen or the tar is softened is the accurate temperature substance achieves specific degree of softening. Ring and ball apparatus is used to conduct this test. Take small amount of bitumen sample and heat it up to 75100 o c.
Also explore the seminar topics paper on aging of bitumen with abstract or synopsis, documentation on advantages and disadvantages, base paper presentation slides for ieee final year civil engineering ce or ieee civil construction btech, be, mtech students for the year 2015 2016. Conclusion to conclude, the final temperature of the softening point is 48. Performance evaluation of hot mixture asphalt using concentrated rubber latex, rubber compound and synthetic polymer as modifier. With the increase in ageing time, the softening point of base bitumen increased dramatically below 500 hours while. This also eliminated empirical testsparameters such as, penetration ratio, paraffin wax content, and fraass breaking point without compromising the quality of bitumen. The softening point is a test usually called the ringandball test to determine the temperatures at which an asphalt binder achieves a specified degree of viscosity. To obtain the ductility value of bituminous sample. The ductility test is measure of cohesiveness and elasticity of the bitumen. Automatic ring and ball apparatus, bitumen testing equipment. Adoption of viscositygraded paving bitumen specification also reduced the number of total tests to seven, resulting in reduced cost of testing paving bitumen.
Automatically determine softening point of bitumen, tar, pitch, hot coatings and resins with isls. Standard test method for softening point of bitumen ring andball apparatus1 this standard is issued under the. In the test, a steel ball is placed on a disc of binder that is slowly heated. During conducting the experiment, there are some errors that occurred which will affect the final result. Brass ring device filled with molten bitumen and bitumen wait until cool. It is a semi solid hydrocarbon product produced by removing the lighter fractions such as liquid petroleum gas, petrol and diesel from heavy crude oil during the refining process. Ring and ball apparatus, steel balls brass rings ball guide support thermometer bath with stirrer scope softening point test of bitumen as per is.
Elasticity does not appear and fragility temperature slightly. Penetration grade bitumens are specified by the penetration and softening point test. Standards for bitumen bitumen emulsions astm d4 bitumen astm bitumen bitumen emulsion adhesion test for bitumen experment for bitumen and asphalt astm adhesion of bitumen specific gravity test of bitumen astm d36 test method for softening point of bitumen english language standards social studies standards next generation science standards. Sbs content in polymer modified bitumen pmb asphalt is about 4. The ring and ball method of test for softening point of bituminous.
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